منابع مشابه
Defaunation in the Anthropocene.
We live amid a global wave of anthropogenically driven biodiversity loss: species and population extirpations and, critically, declines in local species abundance. Particularly, human impacts on animal biodiversity are an under-recognized form of global environmental change. Among terrestrial vertebrates, 322 species have become extinct since 1500, and populations of the remaining species show ...
متن کاملPatterns, Causes, and Consequences of Anthropocene Defaunation
Anthropocene defaunation, the global extinction of faunal species and populations and the decline in abundance of individuals within populations, has been predominantly documented in terrestrial ecosystems, but indicators suggest defaunation has been more severe in freshwater ecosystems. Marine defaunation is in a more incipient stage, yet pronounced effects are already apparent and its rapid a...
متن کاملThe signatures of Anthropocene defaunation: cascading effects of the seed dispersal collapse.
Anthropogenic activity is driving population declines and extinctions of large-bodied, fruit-eating animals worldwide. Loss of these frugivores is expected to trigger negative cascading effects on plant populations if remnant species fail to replace the seed dispersal services provided by the extinct frugivores. A collapse of seed dispersal may not only affect plant demography (i.e., lack of re...
متن کاملConservation in the Anthropocene.
It has become commonplace to remark that humans are now the dominant environmental force on the Earth. The indications are strong and diverse. They range from paleontologists reaching a consensus that humans contributed to megafaunal extinctions on at least two continents, North America and Australia (Barnosky et al. 2004); recognition that formerly intact marine ecosystems have changed enormou...
متن کاملTemporal ecology in the Anthropocene.
Two fundamental axes - space and time - shape ecological systems. Over the last 30 years spatial ecology has developed as an integrative, multidisciplinary science that has improved our understanding of the ecological consequences of habitat fragmentation and loss. We argue that accelerating climate change - the effective manipulation of time by humans - has generated a current need to build an...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Science
سال: 2014
ISSN: 0036-8075,1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1251817